Asian Spine J > Volume 15(5); 2021 > Article |
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Conflict of Interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Author Contributions
AC designed the study. SY, RS, and TT performed the bone measurement. SS performed data analysis and interpretation. AC and SI wrote the main draft and all authors contributed to critically revising the manuscript.
Dimeter | C1 (mm) | C2 (mm) | C1 (mm) | C2 (mm) | ||||||||
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Male (n=106) | Female (n=108) | p-value | Male (n=106) | Female (n=108) | p-value | Left (n=107) | Right (n=107) | p-value | Left (n=107) | Right (n=107) | p-value | |
Anteroposterior | 0.177 | 0.489 | 0.027* | 0.856 | ||||||||
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Mean±SD | 6.97±0.92 | 6.81±0.85 | 5.75±0.69 | 5.68±0.76 | 6.79±0.87 | 6.99±0.89 | 5.70±0.70 | 5.72±0.74 | ||||
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Range | 3.41–8.96 | 4.74–9.66 | 3.83–7.55 | 3.32–7.65 | 4.69–8.94 | 3.41–9.66 | 3.32–7.54 | 3.83–7.65 | ||||
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Transverse | 0.003* | 0.021* | 0.016* | 0.004* | ||||||||
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Mean±SD | 5.57±0.74 | 5.28±0.67 | 6.36±0.88 | 6.06±0.95 | 5.32±0.67 | 5.52±0.75 | 6.38±0.93 | 6.04±0.89 | ||||
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Range | 2.89–7.96 | 3.62–7.16 | 4.78–9.64 | 3.70–8.72 | 3.37–7.67 | 2.89–7.96 | 3.70–9.64 | 4.29–9.55 | ||||
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p-value | <0.000* | <0.000* | <0.000* | <0.000* | <0.000* | <0.000* | <0.000* | <0.000* |
Dimension | C1 (mm) | C2 (mm) | ||||
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Male | Female | p-value | Male | Female | p-value | |
AP-left | 0.150 | 0.167 | ||||
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Mean±SD | 6.91±0.88 | 6.67±0.86 | 5.80±0.66 | 5.60±0.73 | ||
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Range | 4.69–8.94 | 4.74 0–8.57 | 4.63–7.54 | 3.32–6.95 | ||
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AP-right | 0.696 | 0.661 | ||||
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Mean±SD | 7.04±0.97 | 6.95±0.82 | 5.68±0.71 | 5.75±0.78 | ||
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Range | 3.41–8.96 | 5.48–9.66 | 3.83–7.55 | 4.29–7.65 | ||
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p-value | 0.347 | 0.030* | 0.396 | 0.306 | ||
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T-left | 0.164 | 0.501 | ||||
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Mean±SD | 5.42±0.66 | 5.23±0.68 | 6.46±0.89 | 6.31±0.98 | ||
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Range | 4.23–7.67 | 3.77–7.16 | 4.78–9.64 | 3.70–8.72 | ||
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T-right | 0.011* | 0.018* | ||||
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Mean±SD | 5.72±0.79 | 5.33±0.66 | 6.26±0.86 | 5.82±0.87 | ||
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Range | 2.89–7.96 | 3.62–7.07 | 5.24–9.55 | 4.29–7.71 | ||
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p-value | 0.012* | 0.389 | 0.207 | 0.006* |
Popul-ation | No. of sam-ples | FT dimeters of C1 | FT dimeters of C2 | Types of C1 (%) | Types of C2 (%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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AP | T | AP | T | AP | T | AP | T | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Male | Female | Male | Female | Lt | Rt | Lt | Rt | Male | Female | Male | Female | Lt | Rt | Lt | Rt | I | II | III | IV | V | I | II | III | IV | V | ||
Israeli [7] | 132 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 7.23±0.98 | 7.26±0.87 | 5.76±0.76 | 5.52±0.93 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 7.50±1.17 | 6.72±0.84 | 5.71±0.59 | 5.26±0.76 | 18.20 | 60.60 | 3.00 | 63.70 | 54.60 | 84.4 | 18.7 | 31.30 | 40.6 | 24.9 |
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Japanese, Chinese, Indian [17] | 200 | 6.74±0.97 (Rt) | 6.53±0.84 (Rt) | 5.96±0.98 (Rt) | 5.58±0.75 (Rt) | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.63±0.69 (Rt) | 5.22±0.69 (Rt) | 5.48±0.69 (Rt) | 5.09±0.57 (Rt) | NR | NR | NR | NR | 13.50 | 17.50 | 4.50 | 3.50 | 61 | 36.50 | 18 | 5.50 | 11.50 | 28 |
7.14±0.87 (Lt) | 6.67±0.91 (Lt) | 6.20±0.92 (Lt) | 5.64±0.93 (Lt) | 5.77±0.97 (Lt) | 5.40±0.69 (Lt) | 5.92±0.93 (Lt) | 5.37±0.62 (Lt) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Kenyan [8] | 204 | 7.57 | 6.73 | 6.63 | 6.41 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 21.56 | 68.62 | 6.86 | 48.04 | 54.90 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
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South African [5] | 88 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.85±2.31 | 5.09±2.97 | 5.14±2.13 | 4.52±2.66 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.30±0.98 | 5.24±0.84 | 5.36±0.72 | 5.48±0.72 | 2.27 | 4.55 | 0 | 2.27 | 4.55 | 20.45 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.27 |
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Chilean [6] | 47 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 20 | 20 | 0 | 24 | 24 | 68 | 0 | 4.50 | 0 | 22 |
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Thai (present study) | 214 | 6.97±0.92 | 6.81±0.85 | 5.57±0.74 | 5.28±0.67 | 6.79±0.87 | 6.99±0.89 | 5.32±0.67 | 5.52±0.75 | 5.75±0.69 | 5.68±0.76 | 6.36±0.88 | 6.06±0.95 | 5.70±0.70 | 5.72±0.74 | 6.38±0.93 | 6.04±0.89 | 21.96 | 74.77 | 0 | 1.40 | 1.87 | 61.21 | 1.87 | 15.42 | 10.75 | 10.75 |